Learn what this feature means, why it is essential, and how it is used across different humanoid robots.
Degrees of Freedom (DoF). The number of independent movements a robot can make.
Represents the number of independent movements a robot can make. It is directly linked to a robot's versatility and dexterity, with more DoF allowing for more complex tasks. A typical humanoid robot has 30 or more DoF to mimic human-like motion , with specific models like the PAL Robotics REEM-C boasting 68 DoF.
Examples
The Tesla Optimus Gen 2 features 28 degrees of freedom in the body and 11 in each hand to mimic human motion.
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Neura Robotics
A compact version of the 4NE-1 platform, optimized for research, education, and lighter service tasks in indoor settings.
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Boston Dynamics
The next-generation, all-electric version of Atlas, designed for real-world applications and commercialization.
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Booster Robotics
A compact, 95cm tall educational humanoid robot with 22 DOF, designed for research and robotics competitions.
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Unitree Robotics
A high-performance general-purpose humanoid robot standing 1.8m tall, featuring 360-degree depth perception.
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Sanctuary AI
A general-purpose, carbon-fiber humanoid robot designed for autonomous work, powered by the 'Carbon' AI control system.
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Ti5 Robot
A 1.7m bipedal platform with high torque density joints, capable of dynamic movements like jumping.
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EngineAI
A 1.85m full-body humanoid built for heavy industrial tasks, featuring 41 DOF and high payload capacity.
